Ngomhla wama-23 kweyoKwindla, ngowama-2021 uPhuhliso loQoqosho
I-World Intellectual Property Organisation ikhuphe ingxelo entsha namhlanje, isithi kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ukuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha "zobuchwephesha bokuncedisa" ukunceda ukoyisa isenzo somntu, umbono, kunye neminye imiqobo kunye neengxaki kubonise "ukukhula okuphindwe kabini", kwaye ukuhlanganiswa kwayo neempahla zabathengi zemihla ngemihla kuye kwasondela ngakumbi.
UMarco El Alamein, uMlawuli Jikelele oNcedisayo kwiPropathi yoBugcisa kunye neNdawo yokuHlaziya, uthe, "Okwangoku, kukho abantu abangaphezu kwebhiliyoni enye ehlabathini abafuna ukusebenzisa itekhnoloji yoNcedo. Njengoko ukwanda kokwaluphala kwabantu kuqhubeka, eli nani liza kuphinda kabini kwiminyaka elishumi ezayo."
Ingxelo enesihloko esithi "Ingxelo ye-WIPO 2021 Technology Trend Report: Assistive Technology" ithe ukusuka ekuphuculeni okuqhubekayo kweemveliso ezikhoyo ukuya kuphando nophuhliso lwetekhnoloji oluphambili, uyilo olutsha kwicandelo "le-Assistive Technology" lunokuphucula kakhulu ubomi babantu abakhubazekileyo kwaye lubancede benze, banxibelelane kwaye basebenze kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Ukudibana kwezinto eziphilayo kunye ne-Consumer electronics kunceda ekuthengisweni ngakumbi kobu buchwepheshe.
Ingxelo ibonisa ukuba phakathi kweepatenti ezikhutshwe kwisiqingatha sokuqala sonyaka ka-1998-2020, kukho iipatenti ezingaphezu kwe-130000 ezinxulumene netekhnoloji yoNcedo, kubandakanya izitulo ezinamavili ezinokulungiswa ngokweendawo ezahlukeneyo, ii-alamu zokusingqongileyo, kunye nezixhobo zokuxhasa iBraille. Phakathi kwazo, inani lezicelo zepatenti zetekhnoloji yoNcedo olusakhulayo lifikelele kwi-15592, kubandakanya iirobhothi ezincedisayo, izicelo zasekhaya ezikrelekrele, izixhobo ezinxitywayo zabantu abanengxaki yokubona, kunye neeSmartglasses. Inani eliphakathi lonyaka lezicelo zepatenti lenyuke nge-17% phakathi kowama-2013 nowama-2017.
Ngokwengxelo, iteknoloji yokusingqongileyo kunye nomsebenzi wesenzo zezona ndawo zimbini zisebenzayo kakhulu zokuvelisa izinto ezintsha kwiteknoloji yokuncedisa ekhulayo. Izinga lokukhula eliphakathi lonyaka lezicelo zepatenti yi-42% kunye ne-24% ngokulandelelana. Iteknoloji yokusingqongileyo ekhulayo ibandakanya izixhobo zokuncedisa ukuhamba kunye neerobhothi ezincedisayo kwiindawo zikawonke-wonke, ngelixa ukuveliswa kweteknoloji yeselula kubandakanya izitulo ezinamavili ezizimeleyo, izixhobo zokulinganisela, iintonga ezikrelekrele, "iiprosthetics ze-neural" eziveliswe yiteknoloji yokushicilela ye-3D, kunye ne-"Wearable Exoskeleton" enokuphucula amandla kunye nokuhambahamba.
Ukusebenzisana kwabantu nekhompyutha
Umbutho wamalungelo epropathi uthe ngo-2030, ubuchwepheshe bokunxibelelana phakathi kwabantu neekhompyutha buya kwenza inkqubela phambili, nto leyo enokunceda abantu balawule ngcono izixhobo ze-elektroniki ezintsonkothileyo ezifana neekhompyutha kunye neefowuni eziphathwayo. Kwangaxeshanye, ubuchwepheshe bolawulo lokusingqongileyo kunye nobuchwepheshe boncedo lokuva obulawulwa yingqondo yomntu nabo benze inkqubela phambili ebalulekileyo kwiminyaka yakutshanje, bebonelela ngoncedo olongezelelekileyo kubantu abanengxaki yokuva, phakathi kwabo iCochlear implant ephucukileyo ibandakanya phantse isiqingatha senani lezicelo zepatenti kweli candelo.
Ngokutsho kwe-WIPO, ubuchwepheshe obukhula ngokukhawuleza kwicandelo lokuva yi "Bone conduction equipment" engangenisi ntsholongwane, apho izicelo zepatenti zonyaka zinyuke nge-31%, kwaye ukuhlanganiswa kwayo ne-elektroniki eqhelekileyo yabathengi kunye netekhnoloji yezonyango nako kuyaqina.
U-Irene Kitsara, iGosa loLwazi leSebe leMicimbi yezeNdalo yoBugcisa kunye neNguqulelo kwiMibutho yeMicimbi yezeNdalo, uthe, "Ngoku sinokubona ukuba izixhobo zokuva ezigqunywe entloko ezivunyiweyo yi-US Food and Drug Administration zithengiswa ngokuthe ngqo kwiivenkile eziqhelekileyo, kwaye zibonwa njengemveliso ye-elektroniki enokunceda abantu abangenangxaki yokuva, Umzekelo, iteknoloji "yokuqhuba amathambo" ingasetyenziselwa ii-earphones ezenzelwe ngokukodwa abagijimi.
Uguquko oluBulumko
Imibutho yamalungelo epropathi ithe amaza afanayo emveli "obukrelekrele" bemveliso aya kuqhubeka ephucuka, njenge "ii-smart diapers" kunye neerobhothi zoncedo lokondla abantwana, ezi zizinto ezimbini ezintsha kwicandelo lokhathalelo lomntu.
UKisala uthe, "Le teknoloji ifanayo ingasetyenziswa nakwinkonzo yezempilo yedijithali ukunceda ukuphucula impilo yabantu. Kwixesha elizayo, iimveliso ezifanayo ziya kuqhubeka zivela, kwaye ukhuphiswano lwemarike luya kuba nzima ngakumbi. Ezinye iimveliso ezibiza kakhulu eziye zathathwa njengezona zibalulekileyo nezikhethekileyo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku nazo ziya kuqala ukwehla kwamaxabiso.
Uhlalutyo lwedatha yesicelo selungelo elilodwa lomenzi yi-WIPO lubonisa ukuba iTshayina, i-United States, iJamani, iJapan, kunye neSouth Korea zezona mithombo mihlanu iphambili yobuchule bokutsha kwezobuchwepheshe, kwaye inani lezicelo ezivela eTshayina naseMzantsi Korea liye landa unyaka nonyaka, nto leyo eye yaqala ukushukumisa isikhundla sokulawula ixesha elide se-United States neJapan kweli candelo.
Ngokutsho kwe-WIPO, phakathi kwezicelo zepatenti kwicandelo letekhnoloji yoNcedo olusakhulayo, iiyunivesithi, kunye namaziko ophando kawonke-wonke zezona zibalaseleyo, zibanga i-23% yabafaki-zicelo, ngelixa abasunguli abazimeleyo bengabafakizicelo abaphambili betekhnoloji yoNcedo oluqhelekileyo, bebanga i-40% yabo bonke abafaki-zicelo, kwaye ngaphezulu kwesinye kwisithathu sabo baseTshayina.
I-WIPO ithe ilungelo lobuchwephesha likhuthaze ukukhula kobuchule bobuchwephesha bokuncedisa. Okwangoku, sisinye kwishumi kuphela sabantu emhlabeni esisenokufikelela kwiimveliso zoncedo ezifunekayo. Uluntu lwamazwe ngamazwe kufuneka luqhubeke nokukhuthaza ubuchule behlabathi bobuchwepheshe bokuncedisa phantsi kwesakhelo seSivumelwano seZizwe eziManyeneyo samaLungelo abantu abakhubazekileyo kunye ne-WHO kwaye lukhuthaze ukuthandwa ngakumbi kobu buchwepheshe ukuze kuzuze abantu abaninzi.
Malunga neWorld Intellectual Property Organisation
I-World Intellectual Property Organisation, enekomkhulu layo eGeneva, yiforam enkulu yehlabathi yokukhuthaza imigaqo-nkqubo yepropathi yengqondo, iinkonzo, ulwazi kunye nentsebenziswano. Njenge-arhente ekhethekileyo yeZizwe eziManyeneyo, i-WIPO inceda amazwe ayo angamalungu ali-193 ekuphuhliseni isakhelo somthetho wepropathi yengqondo yamazwe ngamazwe esilinganisela iimfuno zawo onke amaqela kwaye sihlangabezana neemfuno zophuhliso loluntu oluqhubekayo. Le ntlangano ibonelela ngeenkonzo zoshishino ezinxulumene nokufumana amalungelo epropathi yengqondo kunye nokusombulula iingxabano kumazwe amaninzi, kunye neenkqubo zokwakha amandla ukunceda amazwe asaphuhlayo azuze ekusebenziseni ipropathi yengqondo. Ukongeza, ikwabonelela ngokufikelela simahla kwiindawo zokugcina ulwazi lwepropathi yengqondo ezikhethekileyo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Agasti-11-2023
